Hydraulics & Hydrology
Hydraulics & Hydrology
Hydraulics & Hydrology Recent Articles
Pumping energy is usually one of the largest components of operating costs for most water systems. And it’s not a trivial cost for wastewater utilities either....
Water and wastewater do a very good job preparing for what I’ll call “routine emergencies”—pipe breaks, short-term power outages, sewer blockages, pump mechanical failures, etc. There are standard operating procedures and frequent drills in well-run operations to make sure we...
An OpenFlows Water model can help identify where and how the pressure drops can occur and help design the needed control measures. Centrifugal pumps are great at pushing water through a pipe. They aren’t as proficient at sucking water through...
There is no shortage of conferences serving the water industry. Each of them contributes something to our profession, and attending is usually worthwhile, if not life-changing. But which ones should you attend? You can’t attend all of them, or you...
Writers working with large numbers often feel compelled to display digits beyond a reasonable level. For example, they may want to report a pressure as 27,871 psf, when only the first two digits are meaningful. Two solutions to this are...
A key input to a water distribution system model is the demand assigned to locations in the system. For most of the history of modeling and most models today, these demands are based on a known volumetric flow rate. Some,...