Hydraulics & Hydrology
Hydraulics & Hydrology Recent Articles
Pretty much all well-run water utilities periodically develop a master plan. The plan looks out 20, 30, 40 years and tries to layout development in source, treatment, and distribution systems. Based on the best available demand forecast, pipes, tanks, and...
In most water systems, the tank water levels “float on the system” (orange system in the profile below). The HGL in the tank is the same as the nominal hydraulic grade in the system....
Over the years, modelers have developed a range of methods for taking limited demand data and developing well-calibrated models. For example, OpenFlows WaterGEMS’s Load Builder has 12 different methods for loading demands based primarily on the source of data....
Read Tom Walski's blog to learn about inner, outer, and nominal pipe diameter and the differences these pipe diameters have in your hydraulic modeling. Various types of concrete pipe are the exception to this table in that such pipe is...
Disinfectants like chlorine and chloramines work by oxidizing chemicals and microbes in the water, and that’s why we use them. The problem is that by doing their job, their concentration decreases, and it’s possible to end up with low or...
NPSHr is a property of the pump and is a function of the flow. This value is determined by testing done by the manufacturer and is usually presented as one of the pump characteristic curves. You want to ensure that...